Speaker
Description
This study investigates the impact of information-induced vaccination, behavioural responses, and saturated treatment on infectious diseases via a delay mathematical model. Also, the dynamics of information are quantified via a separate rate equation, which influences healthy individuals to adopt controls. Stability and bifurcation analysis are carried out to understand qualitative changes in the disease pattern and dynamics under delay and non-delay cases. The existence of multiple stability switches, Hopf, and Backward bifurcations, along with Bogdanov-Takens and generalized Hopf are investigated. Importantly, due to delayed information-induced behavioural response, the emergence of torus and double frequency oscillations is found numerically via the presence of Neimark-Sacker (NS) and double Hopf (HH) bifurcations. Our study infers that the model system gives rise to rich and complex dynamics. Further, considering information-induced vaccination and treatment as controls, an optimal control problem is proposed that minimizes costs incurred due to the disease burden and applied controls. A comparative cost-effective study is conducted by choosing various control strategies. We observe that the comprehensive use of control interventions reduces the severity of the disease burden and also minimizes the economic burden. Our findings suggest that the delay in execution of controls may alter the effect of optimal controls and the cost-effectiveness of control strategies.
