The coordination of the immune system is essential for maintaining health. Recent clinical studies show breast cancer patients with high dendritic cell (DC) clustering in tumour-draining lymph nodes have improved survival outcomes, when compared to those with a lower degree of DC clustering. However, the mechanistic basis for this spatial organization effect remains unclear.
We develop a...
Natural Killer (NK) cells mediate tumor cell killing through mechanisms such as granzyme–perforin release and death ligand–induced activation of the extrinsic apoptosis pathway \cite{Prager2019}. Among them, the TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) plays a central role and has been widely explored as a therapeutic agent. However, its efficacy is consistently limited by fractional...
Cancer–immune co-evolution shapes tumour progression and immunotherapy
response, but quantitatively linking immune selection pressure to genomic intratumour heterogeneity and to the tumour-infiltrating T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire remains challenging. Central to this challenge is recognising that immune selection drives a dynamic process in which the TCR repertoire both shapes and is...
Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children, where high-risk cases often face poor prognosis. We propose an ordinary differential equation model to investigate optimal combined dynamics between chemotherapy (Cyclophosphamide) \cite{Garaventa} and oncolytic virotherapy (Celyvir, mesenchymal stem cells carrying the adenovirus ICOVIR-5)\cite{Melen}, combining our...
Cancer exhibits a remarkable capacity to adapt to therapeutic and immune pressures, posing major challenges to long-term treatment efficacy. The evolutionary dynamics of the tumour complicate immune recognition, limiting the effective activation of Natural Killer (NK) and T cells, and eventually leading to immune escape. On the other hand, the immune responses can be enhanced through...
