The immune response to vaccination is highly heterogeneous and arises
from a dynamic interplay of immune components. In this talk, I will
discuss how we employed random forests (RFs) to classify differences
in immunogenicity between older people with HIV (PWH) on ART and
age-matched controls who received up to five SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations
[1]. Harnessing machine learning (ML) to learn...
Suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been shown to only partially mitigate biological aging by plasma proteomic clocks in people living with HIV (PLWH). Despite effective viral suppression, treated individuals exhibit a measurable increase in biological age relative to uninfected controls, with more pronounced effects reported in younger populations.
In this talk, an eight-compartment...
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infections can be effectively controlled with the use of antiretroviral therapy (ART), which keep viral loads below detectable levels. Currently, individuals with HIV must adhere to treatment for the rest of their lives to manage the virus. This is due to the existence of the HIV reservoir โ a population of cells that are latently infected by HIV โ which can...
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) effectively controls HIV infection, suppressing HIV viral loads. While typically suspension of therapy is rapidly followed by rebound of viral loads to high, pre-therapy levels, there is an important nuance: in a small fraction of cases, rebound may be delayed by months, years, or even possibly, permanently. We will discuss modeling to investigate that...
Understanding the dynamics of HIV epidemics is important to control them effectively. Classical methods that mainly rely on occurrence data are limited by the fact that an unknown part of the epidemic eludes sampling. Since the early 2000s, phylodynamic methods have enabled the estimation of key epidemiological parameters from virus genetic sequence data. These methods have the advantage of...
Recent studies have shown that the administration of combinations of latency reversal agents (LRAs) and broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) at the time of antiretroviral therapy (ART) cessation significantly enhances the chances of eliciting long-term control of HIV post treatment over that with ART alone. Surprisingly, neither LRAs nor bNAbs succeed independently, implying strong synergy...
Simulating within-host virus sequence evolution allows for the investigation of factors such as the role of recombination in virus diversification and the impact of selective pressures on virus evolution. Here, we describe a new software to simulate virus within-host evolution called wavess (within-host adaptive virus evolution sequence simulator), a discrete-time individual-based model and a...
Due to their long-half life and breadth of coverage, broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) are increasingly studied for both treatment and prevention of HIV-1 infection. Recent clinical studies have shown potent neutralization with corresponding multiple log-declines following single or multiple administrations of bnAbs in viremic participants. While bnAb concentrations typically exhibit...
The HIV-1 epidemic has been ongoing for over 40 years and has prompted a large interdisciplinary effort involving experimentalists, mathematicians, epidemiologists, and public health officials. Together, these communities have worked not only to understand the virus and its modes of transmission, but also to develop therapies, interventions, and educational strategies aimed at reducing the...
